高考英语动词及动词短语考点
2021-09-25 17:31:59高考网整理
高考英语动词及动词短语考点
高频考点一 动词词义辨析
例1.(2019·江苏卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A.resembling B.reflecting
C.reviewing D.restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人的手和思想的产物,它反映了人类的智慧和创造力。resemble“看起来像”;reflect“反映”;review“检查”;restore“恢复”。
【举一反三】【2018·江苏】22. Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示;B. investigate调查;C. imitate模仿;D. innovate改革。故选C。
【变式探究】When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.
A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当最后决定课程的时候到了,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。A.限制;B.保留;C.反映,反射;D.宠坏。故选C。
【变式探究】While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A.sacrifice B.substitute
C.simplify D.survive
【答案】C
【解析】句意:聪明的人常常能把复杂的事情简单化,而愚蠢的人更可能把简单的问题复杂化。根据句意可知,这里用simplify与后面的the simple对应,the complex与后面的complicate呼应。sacrifice“牺牲”;substitute“代替”;survive“幸存”。
【举一反三】A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
A.realizing B.copying
C.offering D.misunderstanding
【答案】C
【解析】句意:善于倾听的人在谈话的时候,往往会提出想法和问题,从而使得谈话能流畅地进行下去。offer“提供,主动提出”,符合句意。realize“意识到”;copy“复制”;misunderstand“误解”。
高频考点二 动词短语辨析
例2.(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A.take up B.clear up
C.hold up D.spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:为了满足清洁能源的要求,更多的风力发电站将涌现出来。take up“占据,从事”;clear up“清理”;hold up“举起,阻碍”;spring up“迅速出现,突然兴起”。
【举一反三】【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服,让步;B. dressed up打扮;C. broke in闯入;打断;D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最终他让步了。故选A。
【变式探究】(2017?天津)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。A.安顿下来;B.远离;C起床;D.擦嘴。根据句意,故选A。
【变式探究】Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation
A.fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落,下降;take off起飞,成功,受欢迎;turn off关闭;leave off停止,中断;句意:由于良好的创业环境,很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。
【变式探究】Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly.
A.find out B.wash out
C.wear out D.set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:母亲总是抱怨孩子们的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用坏,(使)磨损”,符合语境。find out“查明”;wash out“把……洗掉”;set out“启程,动身”。
【举一反三】Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A.carry on B.feed on
C.put on D.focus on
【答案】B
【解析】句意:蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜甜的液体为食,蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。carry on“继续”;feed on“以……为食物”;put on“上演,穿上”;focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于……上)”。根据句意可知应选B。
高频考点三 动词(短语)的熟词生义
例3.The two countries are going to meet to ________ some barriers to trade between them.
A.make up B.use up
C.turn down D.break down
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这两个国家将要会面以扫除两国之间的贸易障碍。make up“组成,构成,编造,虚构,和解”;use up“用完,用光”;turn down“拒绝,调低”;break down常见熟义:分解,出故障;生义:扫除(障碍),清除(困难),失败。根据句中的关键词meet(会面)以及barriers(障碍)可知是扫除障碍。
【举一反三】Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.It has really ________ the test of time.
A.failed B.stood
C.taken D.conducted
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:莎士比亚的作品当今依旧很受欢迎,它的确经受住了时间的检验。根据前一句“Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.”可推知,后一句意为“莎士比亚的作品经受住了(stood)时间的检验”。Stand常见熟义:站立,位于;生义:经受住,容忍,忍受。Stand the test of time经受住了时间的检验,故选B项。
【变式探究】The athlete‘s years of hard training ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal in the 2016 Olympics in Rio De Janeiro.
A.went on B.got through
C.paid off D.ended up
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当这个运动员最终在2016年里约热内卢奥运会上获得奥运会金牌时,她多年的刻苦训练总算得到了回报。Pay off熟义为“还清”,生义为“取得成功,奏效”,符合句意;go on“继续下去”;get through“完成,处理”;end up“最终处于……”。
【举一反三】We all agreed that the cottage would ________a perfect holiday home for the family.
A.make B.turn
C.take D.have
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:我们都认为这幢小别墅非常适合全家度假时居住。make在此为熟词生义,表示“适合做,宜用作”,符合题意。
1.(2019·江苏卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A.resembling B.reflecting
C.reviewing D.restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人的手和思想的产物,它反映了人类的智慧和创造力。resemble“看起来像”;reflect“反映”;review“检查”;restore“恢复”。
2.(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A.take up B.clear up
C.hold up D.spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:为了满足清洁能源的要求,更多的风力发电站将涌现出来。take up“占据,从事”;clear up“清理”;hold up“举起,阻碍”;spring up“迅速出现,突然兴起”。
3.(2019·天津卷)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.
A.set aside B.take back
C.make out D.keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但是听不清他在说什么。A项意为“暂不考虑”;B项意为“收回”;C项意为“听清”;D项意为“使避开”。结合语境可知,应选C。














